The mechanical pulmonary ventilator is classified as a life support device, that is, it is a device capable of sustaining a patient's life after insufficient vital organs, in this case, the lung. For this reason, it is of fundamental importance that the functioning of the ventilator is within the expected standards, offering artificial ventilation, providing temporary ventilation support, complete or partial, to patients who are unable to breathe normally due to different factors.

Most mechanical pulmonary ventilator use a positive pressure source to deliver air to the lungs. When sending it, the gas exchange is made and then the pressure is removed so that expiration occurs. Artificial ventilation can be performed through the nasal, oral route or tracheostomy tube.